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Forklifts
National Summary

This topic covers forklifts, also known as powered industrial trucks (PITs), which are specialized vehicles that carry, push, pull, lift, load, unload, stack, or tier material of varied sizes, shapes, and weights.

OSHA has extensive regulations for forklift design, operations, and training that all employers who use these vehicles must comply with. There are also additional requirements that depend on the classification of a forklift and its use.

For related resources and training materials, refer to the following topics:


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Interpretations Applicability of 29 CFR 1910.178 to pick-up trucks such as Ford Ranger, Chevrolet S-10 and Dodge 1500. [1910.178; 1910.178(a)(1)] 07/13/2006National
Interpretations Chocking of trailers at United States Postal Service facilities. [1910.178; 1910.178(k)(1); 1910.178(m)(7)] 09/14/2005National
Interpretations Competency of powered industrial truck trainers; training must be truck - and site - specific.[1910.178(l)(2)(ii); 1910.178(l)(3)(i); 1910.178(l)(3)(ii)] 04/10/2000National
Interpretations Evaluation of what is considered a safe speed to operate powered industrial trucks (forklifts).[1910.178(n)(8); 1910.178(n)(15)] 11/04/2004National
Interpretations Installation of strobe lights on forklifts as an additional warning device for forklifts used in vessel holds.[1910; 1910.178(a)(4); 1910.178(l); 1917; 1917.43(b)(1); 1917.43(c)(5); 1918; 1918.65(b)(1); 1918.65(f)] 12/21/2004National
Interpretations Pre-operation forklift examinations are not required to be written.[1910.178(q)(7)] 05/09/2000National
Interpretations Requirements for the sound level of a warning device (horn) located on a forklift.[1910.178(q)(7); 1910.178(p)(1); 1910.178(q)(5)] 08/13/2004National
Interpretations Use of seat belts on powered industrial trucks 03/07/1996National
Directives 10/19/1999 - Chocking of Tractor Trailer under the Powered Industrial Truck Standard 07/22/2003National
Directives 10/30/1978 - STD 1-11.3 - 29 CFR 1910.178(m)(b) Powered Industrial Trucks; Truck Operations 07/07/2003National
Directives 11/30/2000 - Compliance Assistance for the Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training Standards 07/22/2003National
Violations 2009 Violation Summary for Forklifts - General Industry  National
Violations 2011 Violation Summary for Forklifts - General Industry  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.178 Powered industrial trucks  National
Final Rules 29 CFR 1910 - Powered Industrial Trucks 06/02/2003National
Questions & Answers After an accident involving a forklift has taken place, does the operator of the forklift need to be retrained before he or she is allowed to operate a forklift ... 03/02/2010National
Questions & Answers After forklift operator have been certified to operate a forklift, are the operators required to carry a card or other form of certification with them at all times while working on the forklift? 02/25/2010National
Notices Agency Information Collection Activities; Powered Industrial Trucks Standard 08/09/2011National
Interpretations Applicability of 1910.178 to earth moving equipment and skid steer loaders.[1910.178(a)] 03/07/2000National
Questions & Answers Are forklifts required to have mirrors on them? What about backup signals (horns or lights)? 05/27/2008National
Questions & Answers Are hand signals the same for a forklift as they are for cranes and hoisting equipment? 12/09/2010National
Questions & Answers Are there any required test to allow a gas operated forklift in an enclosed space (trailers)? 01/19/2011National
Questions & Answers Are there any stipulations in the Powered Industrial Truck Certifiation regs that forbid hearing impaired employees from being certified? 06/22/2010National
Questions & Answers Are there regulations or guidelines covering the height for a back rail or guard on a forklift front end attachment? 04/19/2013National
Interpretations Batteries in powered industrial trucks must be secured horizontally and/or vertically.[1910.178; 1910.178(g)(5)] 03/18/2003National
Questions & Answers Can a forklift carry a load suspended under the forks? 01/21/2011National
Questions & Answers Can a person with uncontrolled diabetes or epilepsy be certified to operate a forklift or reach truck? 04/24/2013National
Questions & Answers Can you give further guidance/clarification on how large the charging station should be? 03/28/2013National
Interpretations Clarification of OSHA's CPL 2-1.30 regarding tractor trailer chocking. 11/09/1999National
Interpretations Clarification of PIT requirements covering: fall protection and safety platforms, seatbelts, LP-gas storage, smoking, and eye wash stations. 03/08/2002National
Interpretations Clarification of the use of powered industrial trucks in Class I, Division 2, Group C locations.(1910.178) 05/24/1995National
Interpretations Clarification on whether a forklift equipped with a designated forklift boom would be considered a crane.[1926.1400; 1926.1400(a)(1)]  National
Interpretations Clarification on whether a forklift equipped with a designated forklift boom would be considered a crane.[1926.1400; 1926.1400(a)(1)] 09/21/2012National
Interpretations Clarification regarding the policy for the use of seat belts on powered industrial trucks in general industry. 12/11/1996National
Interpretations Classification of sweepers and scrubbers.(1910.178) 04/03/1995National
Final Rules Correction - 29 CFR 1910 - Powered Industrial Trucks 09/30/2005National
Interpretations Coverage of volunteers; forklift operator training for multiple facilities determined by similarity of potential workplace hazards.[1910.178(l); 1910.178(l)(1); 1910.178(l)(3); 1975.4(h)(4)] 05/13/2005National
Interpretations Disabled (hearing impaired) forklift operators. 01/26/1998National
Questions & Answers Do propane tanks used on forklifts have to be requalified periodically? 05/18/2010National
Case Studies Does a Forklift Truck Have to Be Equipped with a Backup Alarm?  National
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