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Slips and Falls
National Summary

OSHA's walking-working surfaces and fall protection standards (also known as slips, trips, and falls) for general industry workplaces regulate most areas where employees may work or travel in the workplace.

Walking-working surfaces include ladders, wall and floor openings, ramps, stairways, and scaffolds. Much of the standard is geared to design, construction, and installation specifications for the prevention of worker injury from falls. Other aspects cover procedures and guidelines for safe use of equipment, such as scaffolds, rope descent systems, and portable ladders.

For related resources and training materials, refer to the following topics:

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Directives 04/16/1984 - STD 1-1.13 - Fall Protection in General Industry 29 CFR 1910.23(c)(1) (c)(3), and 29 CFR 1910.132(a) 07/18/2003National
Directives 04/26/1982 - STD 1-1.11 - The Alternating Tread Type Stair 07/18/2003National
Directives 06/16/2006 - 06-03 (CPL 02) - Cancellation of STD 01-01-007 (29 CFR 1910.23, Guarding Floor and Wall Opening and Holes - General Industry) 06/16/2006National
Directives 06/30/1981 - STD 1-1.10 - Height of Guardrails in General Industry Applications 07/16/2003National
Directives 10/30/1978 - STD 1-1.1 - Defining the Term 07/09/2003National
Directives 10/30/1978 - STD 1-1.5 - 29 CFR 1910.23(c)(1), Protection of Opensided Floors, Platforms and Runways; Guardrails - Loading Rack Platforms 07/07/2003National
Directives 10/30/1978 - STD 1-1.6 - 29 CFR 1910.23(e)(5), (iii), Clearance of Handrails and Railings - General Industry 07/08/2003National
Directives 10/30/1978 - STD 1-1.8 - 29 CFR 1910.23(c), Metal Pouring Platforms - Protection of Open- sided Floors, Platforms and Runways 07/08/2003National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.22 General requirements  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.24 Step bolts and manhole steps  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.25 Stairways  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.26 Dockboards  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.27 Scaffold and rope descent systems  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.29 Fall protection systems and falling object protection--criteria and practices  National
Regulations 29 CFR § 1910.30 Training requirements  National
Proposed Rules 29 CFR 1910 - Walking-Working Surfaces 05/20/2021National
Final Rules 29 CFR 1910 - Walking-Working Surfaces an Personal Protective Equipment (Fall Protection Systems); Final Rule 11/18/2016National
Final Rules 29 CFR 1910 - Walking-Working Surfaces, Personal Protective Equipment (Fall Protection Systems), and Special Industries (Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution); Corrections 12/17/2019National
Regulations 29 CFR 1910.28 Duty to have fall protection and falling object protection  National
Handouts 5 Simple Steps to Ladder Safety (Spanish)  National
Interpretations Acceptability of a Fixed Ramp with a One-in-Four Slope on an Industrial Conveyor. [1910.23; 1910.132] 07/06/2005National
Interpretations Acceptability of slip on fittings on stair rails and requirement for stair rails to be smooth surfaced. [1910.23; 1910.23(e)(1)] 11/14/2005National
Interpretations Acceptable use of single point anchor systems for window cleaning operations. 03/08/2002National
Interpretations Alternative fall protection program when guardrails are infeasible to install. [1910.23; 1910.23(c)] 02/27/2006National
Questions & Answers Are there any slips, trips, and falls requirements related to the property management of mobile homes? 06/08/2018National
Questions & Answers Are we "grandfathered" in the following situtation and not required to correct the hazard?? 10/27/2015National
Checklists Best Practices Checklist for Preventing Slips, Trips, and Falls  National
Checklists Best Practices Checklist: Preventing Customer Slips, Trips, and Falls in a Retail Setting  National
Checklists Best Practices Checklist: Preventing Customer Slips, Trips, and Falls in Restaurants  National
Training Tips Beware of Winter's Slippery Surfaces  National
Questions & Answers Can I get a clear interpetation of general industry fall protection? I read an article about 4' now and 6' was also mentioned. 04/16/2008National
Interpretations Center stair rail requirements for fixed industrial stairs greater than 88 inches wide.[1910.23(d)(1)(v)] 05/23/2005National
Interpretations Circumstances under which installation of fixed industrial stairs with a slope between 50 degrees and 70 degrees from the horizontal would be considered a de minimis violation. [1910.24] 02/10/2006National
Interpretations Clarification of fixed stairs strength; minimum of 1,000 lbs. [1910.24(c)] 05/08/2000National
Interpretations Compliance of stair and platform railings with height requirements in OSHA standards for fixed industrial stairs. 08/27/2008National
Toolbox Talks Designated Areas for Workers on Roofs  National
Questions & Answers Do we need a railing system, tie downs, or some other form of fall protection for maintenance work on an HVAC system approximately 15 feet off the ground? 09/27/2007National
Questions & Answers Do you have any sample slip and fall prevention policies? 02/26/2010National
Questions & Answers Do you have fall protection information for general industry, not construction? 12/17/2009National
Questions & Answers Do you have guidance on working at hazardous heights? 05/25/2010National
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